Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bandotan (Ageratum Conyzoides L.) Sebagai Larvasida Nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus
Keywords:
Culex quinquefasciatus, Daun Bandotan, LarvasidaAbstract
Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are one of the disease vectors that can cause health problems. The continuous use of chemical larvicides can lead to resistance and have environmental impacts, so an alternative natural larvicide is needed. Bandotan leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) have potential as a larvicide because they contain secondary metabolite compounds that are toxic to mosquito larvae. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content of bandotan leaves, the effect of ethanolic extract of bandotan leaves on larval mortality, and morphological changes in larvae after treatment. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments, namely negative control, positive control, and extract concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%. Mortality data at 72 hours were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Tukey test at a significance level of 0.05. Phytochemical screening revealed that the extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, while terpenoids were not detected. Larval mortality increased with increasing concentration and exposure time. The concentration of 0.6% produced the highest mortality of 94.44%, while 0.4% produced 92.22%. ANOVA showed a significant effect (p = 0.000), while the Tukey test showed that the 0.4% concentration was not significantly different from 0.6%. The extract also caused the larvae's bodies to become paler and undergo changes and damage. The ethanolic extract of bandotan leaves has potential as a natural larvicide.
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