Kecenderungan Neurotik, Relasi Dalam Keluarga Dan Penyesuaian Sosial Terhadap Resiliensi Penderita HIV Positif
Kata Kunci:
Neurotik, HIV, PasienAbstrak
Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kecenderungan neurotik, relasi dalam keluarga dan penyesuaian sosial terhadap resiliensi penderita HIV positif. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan empat variable. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu Neuroticsm Scale Questionnaire (NSQ), Index of Family Relation (IFR), Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report—Modified (SAS-M) dan Resilience Scale (RS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa relasi dalam keluarga berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap kecenderungan neurotik, dengan sumbangan kontribusi sebesar 31,25%. Relasi dalam keluarga dan kecenderungan neurotik berkontribusi secara simultan dan signifikan terhadap resiliensi. Relasi dalam keluarga yang secara langsung mempengaruhi resiliensi memiliki kontribusi sebesar 10,43%. Kecenderungan neurotik yang secara langsung mempengaruhi resiliensi memiliki kontribusi sebesar 31,92%. Relasi dalam keluarga dan kecenderungan neurotik yang secara langsung mempengaruhi resiliensi memiliki kontribusi sebesar 62,7% dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak dapat dijelaskan dalam penelitian. Untuk variabel penyesuaian sosial tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap resiliensi secara statistik.
Referensi
Kapp, C. (2006). South Africa hope for a new era in HIV/AIDS policies. The Lancent, 368, 1759-1760.
Sawitri, A. A. S., Sumantera, G. M., Wirawan, D. N., Ford, K. & Lehman, E. (2006). HIV Testing experience of drug users in Bali, Indonesia. AIDS Care, 18 (6), 577-588.
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indosesia. (2012). Perkembangan HIV/AIDS di Indonesia triwulan III tahun 2012. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Emlet, C. A. (2006). An examination of the socal network and social isolation in older and younger adults living with HIV/AIDS. Health and Social Work., 31 (4), 299-308.
Harris, G. E. (2006). Practicing HIV/AIDS community-based research. AIDS Care, 18 (7), 731-738.
Naar-King, S., Arfken, C., Frey, M., Harris, M., Secord, E. & Ellis, D. (2006). Psychososial factors and treatment adherence in pesdiatric HIV/ AIDS. AIDS Care, 18 (6), 621-628.
Nuwagaba-Biribinhowa, H., Maon-White, R. T., Okong, P., Carpenter, R. M. & Jenkinson, C. (2006). The impact of HIV on maternal quality of life in Uganda. AIDS Care, 18 (6), 614-620.
Van Kesteren, N. M., Kok, G., Hospers, H. J., Schippers, J. & De Wildt, W. (2006). Systematic development of a self-help and motivational enhancement intervention to promote sexual health in HIV-positive men who have sex with men. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 20 (12), 858-875.
Miller, W., Bishop, D. S., Herman, D. S. & Stein, M. D. (2007). Relationship quality among HIV patients and their caregivers. AIDS Care, 19 (2), 203-211.
Davies, G., Koeing, J., Stratford, D., Palmore, M., Bush, T., Golde, M., Malatino, E., Tood-Tuner, M. & Ellerbrock, T. V. (2006). Overview and implementation of an intervention to prevent adherence failure among HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy: Lessons learned from Project HEART, AIDS Care. 18 (8),895-903.
Thomsen, N. (2006). Family support makes a different in HIV Prevention. Journal of The National Medical Association, 98 (2), 306
Sarafino, E. P. (1994). Health psychology biopsychososial interactions. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Balfour, L., Kowal, J., Silverman, A., Tasca, G. A., Angel, J. B., Macpherson, P. A., Garber, G., Cooper, L. & Cameron, D. W. (2006). A randomized controlled psycho-education intervention trial: Improving psychological readiness for successful HIV medication adherence and reducing depression before initiating HAART, AIDS Care. 18 (7),830-838.
Kinsler, J., Sneed, C. D., Morisky, D. E. & Ang, A. (2004). Evaluation of a school-based intervention for HIV/AIDS prevention among Belizean adolescent. Health Education Research, 19 (6), 730-738.
Allers, C. T. & Benjack, K. J. (1991). Connection between chidhood abuse and HIV infection. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70 (2), 309-313.
Nursalam & Kurniawati. (2007). Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien terinfeksi HIV/AIDS. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Ickovics, J. R., Hamburger, M. E., Vlahov, D., Schoenbaum, E. E., Schuman, P., Boland, R. J. & Moore, J. (2001). Mortality, CD4 cell count decline, and depressive symptoms among HIV-seropositive women: Longitudinal analysis from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 285, 1466-1474.
Leserman, J., Jackson, E. D., Petitto, J. M., Golden, R. N., Silva, S. G., Perkins, D. O., Cai, J., Folds, J. D., & Evans, D. L. (1999). Progression to AIDS: The effects of stress, depressive symptoms and social support. Psychosomatic Medicine, 61, 397-406.
Davis, N. J. (1999). Subtance abuse and mental health services administration center for mental health services division of program development, special populations & projects special programs development branch. Status of Research and Research-based Programs, 301, 443-2844.
Greef, A. (2005). Resilience: Personal skills for effective learning. UK: Crown House Publishing Ltd.
Reivich, K. & Shatte, A. (2002). The resilience factor: 7 essential skills for overcoming life’s inevitable obstacles. New York: Broadway Books.
Hjemdal. (2007). Resilience as a predictor of Depressive Symptoms: A correlatonal study with young adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 12 (1), 91-104.
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P. & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: Assesing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15, 194-200.
Carlton, B. S., Goebert, D. A., Miyamoto, R. H., Andrade, N. N., Hishinuma, E. S. , Makini, G. K., Yuen, N. Y. C., Bell, C. K., McCubbin, L. D. & Else, I. R. N. (2006). Resilience, family adversity and well-being among Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian adolescents. International ournal of Social Psychiatry, 52 (4), 291-308.
Schoon, I., Parsons, S. & Sacker, A. (2004). Socioeconomic adversity, educational resilience and subsequent levels of adult adaptation. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19 (4), 383-404.
Montgomery, J. M., Schwean, V. L., Burt, J. G., Dyke,D. I., Thorne, K. J., Hindes, Y. L., McCrimmon, A. W. & Kohut, C. S. (2008). Emotional intelligence and resiliency in young adults with Asperger's disorder: Challenges and opportunities. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 23 (1), 70-93.
Edward, K. & Warelow, P. (2005). Resilience: When coping is emotionally intelligent. Journal of The American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 11 (2), 101-102.
Djukovic, N. & McCormack, D. (2006). Neuroticism and the psychosomatic model of workplace bullying. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 73-88.
Pedersen, S. S. & Elklit, A. (1998). Traumatisation, psychological defense style, coping, symptomatology and social support in HIV positve: A pilot study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 39, 55-60.
Djarwanto. (2003). Statistik Non Parametrik. BPFE: Yogyakarta.
Siegel, L. E. & Crites, J. O. (1961). The neureticism scale questionnaire (NSQ). Journal of Counceling Psychology, 8 (4), 373-381.
Vagg, G., Stanley, G. & Hammond, S. B. (1972). Invariance across sex of factors derived from the neuroticism scale questionnaire (NSQ). Australian Journal of Psychology, 24 (1), 37-44.
Mohan, V. & Bedi, S. (2010). Extraversion, neuroticism, anger dan self-esteem of HIV positive youth. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 5 (1), 60-74.
Allers, C. T. & Benjack, K. J. (1991). Connection between chidhood abuse and HIV infection. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70 (2), 309-313.
Brennan, D. J., Hellerstedt, W. L., Ross, M. W. & Welles, S. L. (2007). History of childhood sexual abuse and HIV risk behaviors in homosexual and bisexual men. American Journal of Public Health, 97 (6), 1107-1112.
Cohen, M., Deamant, C., Barkan, S., Ricardson, J., Young, M., Holman, S., Anastos, K., Cohen J. & Melnick, S. (2000). Abuse in HIV-infected women and women at risk for HIV. American Journal of Publick Health, 90, 560-565.
Pedersen, S. S. & Elklit, A. (1998). Traumatisation, psychological defense style, coping, symptomatology and social support in HIV positve: A pilot study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 39, 55-60.
Ferguson, D. (1973). A study of neurosis and occupation. Britis Journal of Industrial Medicine, 30, 187-198.
Grotberg, E. H. (2003). Resilience for today: Gaining strength from adversity. Westport: Preager Publisher.
Richardson, G. E. (2002). The metatheory of resilienceand resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 307-321.
