Utilization of Agricultural Waste as a Growing Medium Adapted to Extreme Climates

Abstract

Climate change has a major impact on agriculture, particularly food crops, meaning that without mitigation and adaptation efforts addressing rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and sea-level rise, the food agriculture sector will suffer massive losses. Furthermore, the threat of declining strategic food crop production is driven not only by climate change but also by inadequate reservoir and irrigation infrastructure, along with the ongoing, uncontrolled conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural uses, which is further compounded by crop failures from extreme weather and pest or disease outbreaks. To address these challenges, efforts to reduce the risk of crop failure can be implemented through both structural and non-structural measures, developing diverse species and varieties resistant to climate stress, applying climate information, developing soil and crop management technologies to enhance plant adaptability, and developing farm business protection systems against losses caused by climate change.